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1 [1]Skip to main content 2 Open Navigation Menu 3 4 To revisit this article, visit My Profile, then [3]View saved stories. 5 6 Close Alert 7 [5]WIRED 8 Attention, Spoiled Software Engineers: Take a Lesson from Google’s Programming 9 Language 10 11 • [6]Security 12 • [7]Politics 13 • [8]Gear 14 • [9]The Big Story 15 • [10]Business 16 • [11]Science 17 • [12]Culture 18 • [13]Ideas 19 • [14]Merch 20 21 More 22 [16]Search 23 24 • [17]Security 25 • [18]Politics 26 • [19]Gear 27 • [20]The Big Story 28 • [21]Business 29 • [22]Science 30 • [23]Culture 31 • [24]Ideas 32 • [25]Merch 33 34 • [26]Podcasts 35 • [27]Video 36 • [28]Newsletters 37 • [29]Magazine 38 • [30]Travel 39 • [31]Steven Levy's Plaintext Column 40 • [32]WIRED Classics from the Archive 41 • [33]Events 42 • [34]WIRED Insider 43 • [35]WIRED Consulting 44 • [36]Jobs 45 • [37]Coupons 46 47 [38]Sheon Han 48 [39]Business 49 Sep 23, 2024 6:30 AM 50 51 Attention, Spoiled Software Engineers: Take a Lesson from Google’s Programming 52 Language 53 54 The language Go hails from an era when programmers had smaller egos and fewer 55 commercial ambitions. My generation of strivers has a lot to learn. 56 A marbel squirrel sculpture in a garden 57 ILLUSTRATION: SAMUEL TOMSON 58 Save 59 Save 60 61 Many of today’s programmers—excuse me, software engineers—consider themselves 62 “creatives.” Artists of a sort. They are given to ostentatious personal 63 websites with cleverly hidden Easter eggs and parallax scrolling; they confer 64 upon themselves multihyphenate job titles 65 (“ex-Amazon-engineer-investor-author”) and crowd their laptops with 66 identity-signaling vinyl stickers. Some regard themselves as literary 67 sophisticates. Consider the references smashed into certain product names: 68 Apache Kafka, ScyllaDB, Claude 3.5 Sonnet. 69 70 [42]Machine Readable 71 An 8 bit lips character looking suspicious with its hand on its chin. 72 A regular column about programming. Because if/when the machines take over, we 73 should at least speak their language. 74 75 Much of that, I admit, applies to me. The difference is I’m a tad short on 76 talents to hyphenate, and my toy projects—with names like “Nabokov” (I know, I 77 know)—are better off staying on my laptop. I entered this world pretty much the 78 moment [43]software engineering overtook banking as the most reviled 79 profession. There’s a lot of hatred, and self-hatred, to contend with. 80 81 Perhaps this is why I see the ethos behind the programming language Go as both 82 a rebuke and a potential corrective to my generation of strivers. Its creators 83 hail from an era when programmers had smaller egos and fewer commercial 84 ambitions, and it is, for my money, the premier general-purpose language of the 85 new millennium—not the best at any one thing, but nearly the best at nearly 86 everything. A model for our flashy times. 87 88 If I were to categorize programming languages like art movements, there would 89 be mid-century utilitarianism (Fortran, COBOL), high-theory formalism (Haskell, 90 Agda), Americorporate pragmatism (C#, Java), grassroots communitarianism 91 (Python, Ruby), and esoteric hedonism (Befunge, Brainfuck). And I’d say Go, 92 often described as “C for the 21st century,” represents neoclassicism: not so 93 much a revolution as a throwback. 94 95 Back in 2007, three programmers at Google came together around the shared sense 96 that standard languages like C++ and Java had become hard to use and poorly 97 adapted to the current, more cloud-oriented computing environment. One was Ken 98 Thompson, formerly of Bell Labs and a recipient of the Turing Award for his 99 work on Unix, the mitochondrial Eve of operating systems. (These days, OS 100 people don’t mess with programming languages—doing both is akin to an Olympic 101 high jumper also qualifying for the marathon.) Joining him was Rob Pike, 102 another Bell Labs alum who, along with Thompson, created the Unicode encoding 103 standard UTF-8. You can thank them for your emoji. 104 105 Watching these doyens of programming create Go was like seeing Scorsese, De 106 Niro, and Pesci reunite for The Irishman. Even its flippantly SEO-unfriendly 107 name could be forgiven. I mean, the sheer chutzpah of it. A move only the 108 reigning search engine king would dare. 109 110 The language quickly gained traction. The prestige of Google must’ve helped, 111 but I assume there was an unmet hunger for novelty. By 2009, the year of Go’s 112 debut, the youngest of mainstream languages were mostly still from 1995—a true 113 annus mirabilis, when Ruby, PHP, Java, and JavaScript all came out. 114 115 It wasn’t that advancements in programming language design had stalled. 116 Language designers are a magnificently brainy bunch, many with a reformist zeal 117 for dislodging the status quo. But what they end up building can sometimes 118 resemble a starchitect’s high-design marvel that turns out to have drainage 119 problems. Most new languages never overcome basic performance issues. 120 121 But from the get-go, Go was (sorry) ready to go. I once wrote a small search 122 engine in Python for sifting through my notes and documents, but it was 123 unusably sluggish. Rewritten in Go, my pitiful serpent grew wings and took off, 124 running 30 times faster. As some astute readers might have guessed, this 125 program was my “Nabokov.” 126 127 Most Popular 128 129 • [44] 130 The Top New Features Coming to Apple’s iOS 18 and iPadOS 18 131 Gear 132 [45] 133 The Top New Features Coming to Apple’s iOS 18 and iPadOS 18 134 By Julian Chokkattu 135 • [46] 136 How a 15-Year-Old Gamer Became the Patron Saint of the Internet 137 Culture 138 [47] 139 How a 15-Year-Old Gamer Became the Patron Saint of the Internet 140 By Kyle MacNeill 141 • [48] 142 Give Your Back a Break With Our Favorite Office Chairs 143 Gear 144 [49] 145 Give Your Back a Break With Our Favorite Office Chairs 146 By Julian Chokkattu 147 • [50] 148 The Best Espresso Machines for the Home Barista 149 Gear 150 [51] 151 The Best Espresso Machines for the Home Barista 152 By Jaina Grey 153 • 154 155 This is not to say that Go is a perfect language. It’s more workhorse than show 156 horse. And it came out 15 years ago, enough time for a stream of breakup 157 stories and critiques to cycle through the industry’s paper of record, Hacker 158 News. 159 160 To wit: Many find Go code ugly. There’s a procrustean uniformity to it, and it 161 lacks the tidy shorthands of, say, Ruby or Python, so even common patterns can 162 become messy and cluttered. (Ask a Go programmer about “error handling.”) Also, 163 you can’t run the code, even with correct syntax, unless certain styles are 164 strictly followed. Imagine a word processor that does not allow you to save 165 unless your essay is free of grammatical errors. 166 167 I’m happy to admit that Go lacks the ergonomics of newer languages. But I 168 struggle to dispel the suspicion that these are the complaints of a spoiled 169 era. If the chief engineer of the first-generation Ford Mustang were tasked 170 with designing a new line of cars, and did so remarkably—models of practicality 171 and workmanship—would you complain about them having no touchscreens? 172 173 It’s odd to think how young the field of computer science is. Alan Turing’s 174 paper that launched the field is less than a century old, and we live in a 175 small window of time where pioneers are alive and professionally active, even 176 into their eighties. Go is a language created by people who had nothing left to 177 prove. 178 179 I hope it isn’t too contrived to speak of a “late style” in programming. The 180 idea is usually attributed to the German philosopher Theodor Adorno, who 181 observed a growing contradiction and alienation in Beethoven’s later work. The 182 literary critic Edward Said expanded on the notion in his posthumous book On 183 Late Style, discussing how some artists, when facing impending mortality, 184 reject traditional artistic closure and instead embrace fragmentation and 185 unresolved tension. 186 187 What I find more intriguing—and rarer than we might have thought—are the cases 188 where masters in their later years do accept a certain closure and, as Said put 189 it, maintain a “spirit of reconciliation and serenity.” Social media has 190 provided us with the disappointing yet sobering spectacle wherein supposedly 191 accomplished individuals—since we’re talking technology here, certain computer 192 scientists in AI who shall remain nameless come to mind—regularly engage in 193 unseemly reckonings with their residual baggage. 194 195 But when I think about Go, I feel a sense of serenity. Instead of involving 196 themselves in spats with young kvetchers, the Go team directs you to their FAQ 197 page—the gold standard of FAQ pages—written in a gentle, statesmanlike tone. 198 And with that, they rest their case. I suppose that’s where some people do end 199 up: completely, even plainly, at ease with their work. To know it’s possible, 200 someday, perhaps, is a balm. Maybe my generation will learn to tame our egos 201 and find our footing. We still have a few decades to make it so. 202 203 You Might Also Like … 204 205 • In your inbox: Our [52]biggest stories, handpicked for you each day 206 207 • Inside [53]Google’s 7-year mission to give AI a robot body 208 209 • The Big Interview: [54]Mark Cuban wants to fight pharma’s middlemen 210 211 • [55]The world’s biggest bitcoin mine is rattling this Texas oil town 212 213 • Event: Join us for [56]WIRED Health on March 18 in London 214 215 [57]Sheon Han is a writer and programmer based in Palo Alto, California. His 216 work has appeared in The New Yorker, The Atlantic, Quanta Magazine, and 217 elsewhere. 218 219 Topics[58]Machine Readable[59]coding[60]programming[61]Computers[62]computer 220 science[63]software[64]Google 221 Read More 222 [65] 223 OpenAI Announces a New AI Model, Code-Named Strawberry, That Solves Difficult 224 Problems Step by Step 225 [66] 226 OpenAI Announces a New AI Model, Code-Named Strawberry, That Solves Difficult 227 Problems Step by Step 228 The ChatGPT maker reveals details of what’s officially known as OpenAI o1, 229 which shows that AI needs more than scale to advance. 230 Will Knight 231 [67] 232 The Godmother of AI Wants Everyone to Be a World Builder 233 [68] 234 The Godmother of AI Wants Everyone to Be a World Builder 235 Stanford computer scientist Fei-Fei Li is unveiling a startup that aims to 236 teach AI systems deep knowledge of physical reality. Investors are throwing 237 money at it. 238 Steven Levy 239 [69] 240 Inside Google’s 7-Year Mission to Give AI a Robot Body 241 [70] 242 Inside Google’s 7-Year Mission to Give AI a Robot Body 243 As the head of Alphabet’s AI-powered robotics moonshot, I came to believe many 244 things. For one, robots can’t come soon enough. For another, they shouldn’t 245 look like us. 246 Hans Peter Brondmo 247 [71] 248 This New Tech Puts AI In Touch With Its Emotions&-and Yours 249 [72] 250 This New Tech Puts AI In Touch With Its Emotions—and Yours 251 Hume AI, a startup founded by a psychologist who specializes in measuring 252 emotion, gives some top large language models a realistic human voice. 253 Will Knight 254 [73] 255 Crispr-Enhanced Viruses Are Being Deployed Against UTIs 256 [74] 257 Crispr-Enhanced Viruses Are Being Deployed Against UTIs 258 With antibiotics losing their effectiveness, one company is turning to gene 259 editing and bacteriophages—viruses that infect bacteria—to combat infections. 260 Emily Mullin 261 [75] 262 This iPhone ‘Supercycle’ May Not Be So Super 263 [76] 264 This iPhone ‘Supercycle’ May Not Be So Super 265 Some Apple analysts believe AI will spur a boom in iPhone sales. But not 266 everyone’s buying the hype. 267 Lauren Goode 268 [77] 269 Apple Vision Pro’s Eye Tracking Exposed What People Type 270 [78] 271 Apple Vision Pro’s Eye Tracking Exposed What People Type 272 The Vision Pro uses 3D avatars on calls and for streaming. These researchers 273 used eye tracking to work out the passwords and PINs people typed with their 274 avatars. 275 Matt Burgess 276 [79] 277 An ER Doctor’s Cure for America’s Gun Epidemic 278 [80] 279 An ER Doctor’s Cure for America’s Gun Epidemic 280 Cedric Dark is a gun-owning emergency physician, a father, and the cousin of a 281 man who was shot to death. This is what he—and the science—say needs to change. 282 Cedric Dark 283 [81]WIRED 284 WIRED is where tomorrow is realized. It is the essential source of information 285 and ideas that make sense of a world in constant transformation. The WIRED 286 conversation illuminates how technology is changing every aspect of our 287 lives—from culture to business, science to design. 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